Browse 22,870 regulations from 36 regulators

Prohibition

Operators of international or interprovincial power lines must obtain Canadian Energy Regulator Commission approval before abandoning operations. The Commission may grant abandonment authorization by order upon application by the permit or certificate holder.

Application

Section 271 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes CER jurisdiction over international and interprovincial power lines. The CER may issue permits and certificates for power lines crossing borders or within federal authority, including those crossing navigable waters. The CER may also authorize power line relocations to facilitate facility construction or reconstruction.

Application of certain provisions

Section 266 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act extends pipeline regulatory provisions to international and interprovincial power lines. Applicants and permit/certificate holders must follow intervention, certification, and permitting procedures under specified sections. Deviations crossing navigable waters require heightened scrutiny under section 211. Abandonment provisions do not apply to power lines.

Application

Section 264 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines CER jurisdiction over three categories of power lines: international lines with filed elections, unregulated portions of international lines in provinces without designated regulatory agencies, and interprovincial lines subject to regulatory orders.

Impact Assessment Act

Section 263 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act specifies that applications for designated energy projects subject to impact assessment are reviewed by an impact assessment review panel rather than the Commission. The panel exercises most Commission powers except certificate issuance and must complete its decision within timelines established by the Impact Assessment Act.

Issuance

The Canadian Energy Regulator must issue permits for construction and operation of international power lines upon application, subject to the Impact Assessment Act, unless the project is designated by Governor in Council order or an alternative regulatory election applies. Applicants must provide all information specified in regulations.

Prohibition

Persons are prohibited from constructing or operating any section or part of an international power line without first obtaining a permit under section 248 or a certificate under section 262 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act.

Measures

Section 245 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes designated officers to take necessary measures for orphan pipeline abandonment and to delegate authority to employees or third parties. The Regulator, its staff, Crown agents, and authorized third parties are granted liability protection for good-faith actions or omissions during abandonment activities.

Public hearings

Section 52 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act mandates public hearings for decisions to issue, suspend, or revoke certificates for interprovincial and international pipelines and power lines. Exceptions apply when certificate holders consent to suspension or revocation of non-operational facilities. The Commission may discretionarily hold public hearings on other matters and must publicly disclose its reasoning.

Confidentiality

Section 61 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes the Commission and designated officers to issue confidentiality orders protecting sensitive information from public disclosure when disclosure poses a real and substantial risk to pipeline, power line, or offshore renewable energy infrastructure security, protective systems, or public safety.

Orphan abandoned pipelines

Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, a designated officer may designate an abandoned pipeline as an orphan abandoned pipeline when the owning company's directors, officers, or the company itself cannot be located, or when the company is unknown, insolvent, bankrupt, in receivership, or dissolved.

Confidentiality

Section 60 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes the Commission and designated officers to issue confidentiality orders protecting information in regulatory proceedings. Confidentiality may be granted to prevent material financial loss or competitive prejudice, to protect confidential financial, commercial, scientific or technical information when the discloser's interest outweighs public interest, or when disclosure poses real and substantial risks to safety, well-being, property or the environment.

Costs and expenses related to abandonment

The Canadian Energy Regulator may require pipeline companies to establish and maintain financial funds or security to ensure they can pay for pipeline abandonment and related costs. The Regulator can direct use of these funds, authorize third parties to access them, realize security to cover abandonment expenses, and allocate any surplus to the Orphan Pipelines Account.

General rule

Section 238 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act requires pipeline and commodity transmission companies to disclose liability limitations in filed tariffs, obtain Commission approval, or have regulatory authorization. The Commission determines permissible liability limits and prescribes transmission conditions for hydrocarbons and other commodities.

Disallowance

The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may disallow tariffs or portions thereof that violate the Canadian Energy Regulator Act or Commission orders, and may require companies to file compliant replacement tariffs within a prescribed timeframe or prescribe alternative tariffs directly.

Orders

The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission is authorized to issue orders regarding all matters related to traffic, tolls, and tariffs for energy infrastructure and transportation services under its regulatory jurisdiction.

Existing terms and conditions

Section 222 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act deems all terms and conditions imposed on pipelines before July 3, 2013 under the National Energy Board Act to be conditions of CER certificates or orders. Pipeline companies must construct pipelines according to previously specified orders, regulations, plans, and specifications, or as directed by the Commission.

Approval

Pipeline companies must obtain a Canadian Energy Regulator certificate before constructing any pipeline section, comply with all certificate conditions, secure Regulator approval of construction plans and specifications, and deposit certified copies in relevant land registries.

Revocation of certificates — application or consent

The Canadian Energy Regulator may revoke certificates issued under Part 2 of the Act by order, either upon application by the certificate holder or with their written consent.

Publication of order

Orders issued by the Canadian Energy Regulator under sections 191 or 192 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act must be published in the Canada Gazette within 15 days of issuance.

Order to reconsider

Section 193 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act grants the Governor in Council authority to order the Commission to reconsider its decisions, with discretion to specify factors for consideration and completion timelines. The Commission must report any resulting changes to its recommendations back to the Governor in Council.

Recommendation to vary or transfer

Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 191, the Governor in Council may issue orders directing the Commission to vary or transfer energy certificates as recommended, decline the variation or transfer, or direct reconsideration of the matter.

Continuation of jurisdiction and obligation

Section 189 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act clarifies that procedural delays do not strip the Regulator of jurisdiction over applications or reporting obligations, and all actions taken remain valid. The Governor in Council may also issue orders under section 186(1) even after statutory time limits have expired.

Impact Assessment Act

Section 185 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act transfers certificate application authority for designated projects under the Impact Assessment Act from the Commission to an independent review panel. The panel exercises powers under sections 182-184, coordinates with energy and environment ministers, and must submit reports within Impact Assessment Act timelines.

Recovery of fines and amounts

Section 178 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act allows prosecutors to enforce unpaid fines or court-ordered compensation by filing convictions or orders as civil judgments in any Canadian court, enabling collection through standard civil enforcement procedures.

Determining compensation

Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 163, a Tribunal determines whether to award compensation for claimed compensable damage, calculates amounts per regulations, and may award costs if authorized. The Tribunal must notify all parties of its decision, specifying compensation and cost amounts, any regulatory reductions, and previously paid amounts.

Interim award of compensation

Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, a Tribunal may award interim compensation for compensation claims if authorized by regulations, and must notify the Regulator of the awarded amount.

Variation of sanctions

Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 176, courts may vary sanctions orders against offenders upon application if circumstances have changed. Courts can modify prohibitions, directions, requirements, or conditions; extend enforcement duration up to one year; reduce duration; or partially or fully relieve compliance obligations after hearing the offender, regulator, and interested parties.

Application for judicial review

Section 188 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes the judicial review process for CER orders through the Federal Court of Appeal. Applications for leave must be filed within 15 days of order publication in the Canada Gazette, with possible extensions for special reasons, and courts must dispose of applications summarily.

Standard Specifications for the Granting of Patent Licenses

Powers

The Canadian Energy Regulator Tribunal possesses the powers of a superior court within its jurisdiction, including authority to compel witness attendance, administer oaths, examine witnesses, demand document production, and enforce orders. The Tribunal is not bound by formal rules of evidence but must respect legal privileges recognized under evidence law.

Orders of court

Court order provision under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act enabling judges to impose remedies on persons convicted of offences involving actual or potential unintended releases of oil, gas, or commodities from pipelines. Available remedies include operational prohibitions, environmental monitoring and audits, restoration, community service, publication of facts, notification requirements, financial penalties, compliance bonds, and educational donations, with orders valid for up to three years.

Reasons

The Canadian Energy Regulator and its designated officers must issue written reasons for all decisions and orders, which must be made publicly available except for decisions concerning only internal administrative matters.

Jackdaw Field Development

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Energy infrastructure development applications: decisions

Decisions by the Secretary of State on energy infrastructure applications.

Environmental permits: regulatory position statements

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Overhead electricity line applications: screening decisions 2026

Screening decisions made by the Secretary of State on overhead electricity line applications.

Certification: Flight Crewmembers Other Than Pilots

14 CFR Part 63 establishes certification requirements for flight engineers and flight navigators on U.S.-registered civil aircraft. It specifies eligibility criteria, medical qualification standards, certificate possession requirements, and application procedures. Foreign nationals may obtain certificates only when needed for U.S. aircraft operations, and certificates issued by foreign countries are recognized when operating within those countries.

Airplane Fuel Efficiency Certification

14 CFR Part 38 establishes fuel efficiency certification requirements for commercial aircraft seeking original type certification. The rule applies to subsonic jet airplanes with maximum takeoff mass exceeding 5,700 kg and propeller-driven airplanes exceeding 8,618 kg, with phased implementation beginning January 2021. Exemptions include amphibious aircraft, specialized-operation designs, and reciprocating-engine-powered aircraft.

Aircraft Registration

14 CFR Part 47 establishes FAA requirements for registering aircraft in the United States. The regulation defines eligibility criteria, including ownership by U.S. citizens, resident aliens, or certain corporations, and mandates that aircraft owners submit an Aircraft Registration Application (AC Form 8050-1). Registration is required before operating eligible aircraft unless carrying temporary authorization or operated by the Armed Forces.

Certification: Airmen Other Than Flight Crewmembers

This regulation establishes the process for FAA air traffic control specialists to request waivers of the mandatory separation age of 56 years. Requests must be filed in writing with the Air Traffic Manager between 12 months and 6 months before the specialist turns 56, and must include evidence of exceptional skills, certifications, experience at multiple facilities, and shift schedules. Requests are reviewed and recommended by facility managers and regional senior executives for final Administrator approval.

Requirements for Operating Certain Small Aircraft Without a Medical Certificate

14 CFR Part 68 establishes medical education and examination requirements for pilots operating small aircraft without holding an FAA medical certificate under § 61.113(i). Pilots must complete an FAA-approved medical education course covering self-assessments, warning signs of medical conditions, risk mitigation, medication impacts, and regulatory prohibitions. A comprehensive medical examination by a State-licensed physician using an FAA checklist is required, with results and certifications transmitted to the FAA. Pilots must certify they understand the prohibition on flying while medically unfit and authorize access to their driving records.

Registration and Marking Requirements for Small Unmanned Aircraft

14 CFR Part 48 establishes registration and marking requirements for small unmanned aircraft in the United States. Eligible aircraft must be registered with the FAA's Civil Aviation Registry unless they weigh 0.55 pounds or less and operate under Part 107 exemptions, or are U.S. Armed Forces aircraft. Registration eligibility requires ownership by U.S. citizens, permanent resident aliens, qualifying U.S.-based corporations, or government entities. Owners must provide required information to obtain an FAA Certificate of Aircraft Registration.

Medical Standards and Certification

14 CFR Part 67 establishes medical standards and certification procedures for U.S. airmen. It prescribes eligibility requirements for first-, second-, and third-class medical certificates, including vision standards (distant and near acuity, color perception, visual fields), application procedures through designated aviation medical examiners, identity verification requirements, and access to the National Driver Register for background evaluation.

Design, Production, and Airworthiness Requirements for Non-Type Certificated Aircraft

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Certification Procedures for Products and Articles

SFAR 88 establishes fuel tank system fault tolerance evaluation requirements for transport category turbine-powered airplanes with 30+ passenger capacity or 7,500+ pound payload capacity. Certificate holders must conduct safety reviews to ensure compliance with fuel tank design standards, develop necessary design changes, create maintenance and inspection instructions to prevent ignition sources, and submit reports for approval by the Aircraft Certification Service within specified compliance timeframes.

Noise Standards: Aircraft Type and Airworthiness Certification

14 CFR Part 36 establishes noise standards for aircraft type certification and airworthiness certification in the United States. It applies to subsonic transport category large airplanes, jet airplanes, propeller-driven small and commuter airplanes, helicopters, tiltrotors, and Concorde aircraft. Applicants must demonstrate compliance with specified noise limits and stage classifications (Stage 1 and Stage 2) when seeking type certificates, standard airworthiness certificates, or restricted category airworthiness certificates.

Identification and Registration Marking

14 CFR Part 45 prescribes marking and identification requirements for aircraft, engines, propellers, and related products manufactured under FAA type certificates or production approvals. Manufacturers must attach fireproof identification plates containing specified information in locations that are legible, accessible, and secure against defacement or loss during normal service or accidents.